Figure 3 Highlights the Three Types of Losses for Sectors Experiencing The Highest Losses Across RePReSEntative Countries. Sectors are the most of the action in major Countries, Especially in Several African and Asian Countries that related on Primary Industries. For Instance,an Average Summer Wulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) ABOVE 30 in Tanzania Challenges The Abiliness of Most Outdoor Workers to AdaPt in The MidCentury. G worker to be directly exposed to sunlight, such as construction and faming, Will Suffer a Loss of Value-Added (VA) of 1.9% in 2040 Under The SSP 119 SCENARIO. In 2060, Rising Incomes and a Stable Climate Will Result in A Slightly Reduced VA Loss of 0.3% Explin By Lo Wer Labour Productivity and Health Losses. However, Under the High WarmingSSP 585 SCENARIO, The Same Va Loss Increases to 3.9% in 2040 and soars to 8.1% in 2060. In Addition, MOST Indoor ManuFactical Inster A Va Loss of 6.0–7.4% in 2060 Under The SSP 585 SCENARIO. As Demonstrated in ExtendedData Fig. 9, Country Like Tanzania, Zimbabwe and Other African Countries Exhibit Similar Patterns of LossVaranasi Stock. Ituated at low latitudes, particularly in the middle easy, south asia and africa -regions most Threatened by Climate Change. Most Indoor ManuFacturn and Service Inustries in Developing Countries have been avated access to Air Conditioning and, as a result, Labour CapaCity and Economi C development will be seleite undermined by climate Change.

NON-METALLIC PRODUCTS and Ferrous Metals Are Vulnerable to Climate Change Because of Simultaneous Supply-Chain Shocks from Both Upstream (SUPPL) and DOWNST ream (demand). For example, a country such as india is affatured directly by high temperatures and indirectly by the closeLinks with CountryS SEVERELELY IMPACTD by Heat Stress. In 2040, Losses in Non-metalic manuFacturn are sex, to confulture sectors at 2.22 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 % of sex va, whereas ferrous metals unustry loses 1.4% of Va .sel Losses can be attributed to bothInsufficient Demand in the DOMESTIC Construction Sector and Shortage of Minerals and COAL SUPPLIES FROM Countries SIA and South Africa). In 2060, Under SSP 585 SCENARIO, with the increasingly Frequent Shutdown in Mining and ConstructureExtreme Summer He Stress, The Ferrous Metals Industry in India SUFFERS The MOST SUBSTANTIAL VA LOSS AT 5.0%, of Which more than 70% is due to indirect losses, OWED by the Loss from Non-metallic Manufacturing Industry at 3.9%. The Sectoral Patternof Loss in India Are Characterized by A Combination of Health, Labour and Indirect Losses. The DeCline in Labour Productivity in the DOMITOCTRUCTRUCTRUCTRUCTIN ATION Industries Leads Directly to High Economic Losses in The Country’s Related Value Chains. As Shown in Extended Data Fig. 10, Countries Located at low and Middle Latitudes, Such As CHINA and Vietnam, Exhibit SimiLARAR PATTERNS of Loss.Kolkata Stocks

Light ManuFactical, Including Metal Products, Rubber and Plastic Products, Food Processing and Beverages and Tobacco, Are Vulnerable to Indirect Effects B ECAUSE of a Lack of Raw Materials SUPPLY, Such as Minerals, Metals, Crops, Oil Seeds and Vegetables. For Example, UNDERThe SSP 119 SCENARIO, METAL PRODUCTS and TOBACCO and Beverage Manufacturing in GERMANY LOSE Around 0.3% of Va in 2040. of Beverages and TOBACCO WOULD Increase by More Than Six Times in 2060, ReachingVA As Imports of Plantation Products (PALM OIL, SOYBEANS, Coffee, Spices and so on) from south America, southeast asia and africa decline by or 8% to 8% (EX. Tended data fig. 8). Losses of Metal Products Rise Even Faster, ReachING 2.4% of Va in 2060. This is because the main point of raw materials, such as coal and metals, white are essential for the metal products industry, A Re Primarily Located in Regions that are vulnerable to climate Change. This Leads to HigherLosses in the Metal Product-Related Chain in Most Countries with Developed ManuFacturn Indus, Including Germany, France and Australia (EXTENDED DATA FIG . 11). The Countries have a relatVely Low Share of Agricultural GDP (Less than 3%), with Slight Losses. Labour Productivity Losses are high only in the construction or mining sector, whereas indirect losses are higher in the METAL-Related section. Se of insufficient support from forefign trading partners.

SimiLarly, High-End Machinery, Equipment and Chemical Products Industrial Suffer Indirect Losses as A Result l climates. Losses in the same reason, espeCially in Developed Countries Such As EUROPEAN COUNTRIES, Emerge Slowly and Are Not Substantial UnderThe SSP 119 SCENARIO But Increase Sharply Under SSP 245 and SSP 585 SCENARIOS. For Example, SWEDEN’s Industry-Wide Production Suffers Mainly HROUGH SUPPLY-Chain Disruptions and Excess Mortality Due to Heatwaves. From 2040 TO 2060 Under the SSP 119 SCENARIO,,Impacts On Production Activities Are Moderate Given The Cool Climate and Dependency on the Stable Eu SUPPLY. Sectors like Electrical Equipment and Chemica l Products Experiel Less than 1% of Va Loss, Mostly Health Loss Due to Sudden Extreme Heatwaves. However, sector va losses soarUnder the SSP 585 SCENARIO. Losses in the Mechanical Equipment Sector Increase Rapidly, Growing by Approximately Five Times Compared to the SSP 119 SCENARIO. Ferro US Metals (2.2%), Electrical Equipment (1.9%) and Machinery and Equipment (1.6%) Experience TheHighest Va Losses. Indirect Losses Become A Main Constraint in Many Sectors BeCAUSE National Adaptive Strategies or CLOSERENL Trade Flows Longer Support Production When Heat Stress Becomes Increasingly More Severe Globally. As Shown in Extended Data Fig. 12, DEVELOED ECONOMIES LOCATED At high Latitudes, Such As Norway and the Uk, Are Characterized by Similar Loss Patterns.

We Also Analyse the Mechanis Through Which WHICT LOSSES FROM DISRUPTIONS in International Trade Flows Propagate Through Chains of Specif IC SECTORS. Figure 4 Illustrates How Climate Risk Propagates Through Two Supply Chains, The Indian Food Production and the Dominican Republic Tourism Sectors, Respectively (seeExtended data Fig. 8 for Other Typical Supply Chains). IC (18% of GDP) and Each Is Largely Dependent on International Supply Chains.In the case of india’s food sector, we see a pattern of ‘upstream constraint’ through insufficient upstream sun Rom Indonesia) Impacts the downloadDominican Republic, We See A Pattern of ‘DownloadRINTRIINTRINTRIINT’ Then, then

The Supply Chain of the Indian Food Production Industry Relies Heavily On UPSTREAM SUPPLIERS, The Oil and Fat SECTORS of Indonesia and Malaysia, and as a Sult it is vulnerable to higher temporares. The unmitigated warming under the SSP 585 SCENARIO Exacerbates the Shortage of RawMaterials. by 2060, Palm Oil SUPPLIES from Malaysia and Indonesia Fall by 5.3% and 4.9%. Additionally, Brazilian Sugar, SOUTHEAST Asian and African Vegetables , FRUITS AND NUTS Are Also Less Available, with a support decreased by around 4–6%.Consequently, downstream Countries, Including India, Vietnam, PAKISTAN and Other Important Trading Partners, Experience a Contracts Between 3.7% and 5 .1% (Extended Data Fig. 6). These IMPACTS Can Negatively Affect Food PriceS and Security in Both Developing and DevelopLopeedCountries.

In Contrast to the Indian Food Production Industry, The Dominican Republic’s Tourism Industry is More Constrained by DOWNSTREAM DEMANDS. The Wealth Generated by Tourism in The Dominican Republic Could Drop Substantially, As the Largragest Source of Foreign Visitors, The USA, is likely to Reduce Annual Demand for Tourism in The Dominican Republic on AVERAGE BY AROUND 5.5%. Demand from Malaysia and IndoneSia is Likely to FALL BY 6.1% AN d 8.1%.is likely to Reduce Demand for UPStream Business Services and ManuFacturing Industrial. Economy. The DeCline in the Tourism Sector is Also Likely to Lead to a 4.7% and 4.3% Drop in TheDominican Republic’s Demand for Insurance and Financial Services from the USA, as well as 4.2% and 4.5% Drop in the Demandic Equipment and Chemical PRO Ducts from China (Extended Data Fig. 7). FURTHERMORIn the construction of tource of touch, the support of tource of tource,

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